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U.S. concerned by reports of North Korean soldiers fighting for Russia. The U.S. expressed concern over claims that North Korean troops are aiding Russia in Ukraine, following allegations by Ukrainian President Zelenskiy. If confirmed, this would signal a deepening military alliance between Russia and North Korea, with Washington warning it reflects Russia's desperation in the war. Both nations have denied past arms transfers but promised stronger defense ties. U.S. officials, including General Charles Flynn, view North Korean involvement as a worrying development. Jonathan Landay and Michael Martina, Reuters, October 15
Head of Myanmar’s military government urges ethnic rebels to join peace talks. Myanmar’s military leader, Senior Gen. Min Aung Hlaing, invited ethnic armed groups to peace talks to resolve ongoing conflicts, marking his second public appeal in under a month. Broadcast on the ninth anniversary of a nationwide ceasefire agreement, he urged rebels to negotiate under the framework of the 2015 agreement. Many groups, however, no longer honor the ceasefire, and some align with opposition forces. Rebel leaders remain skeptical of the military’s intentions. AP News, October 15
N.K. leader holds security meeting to discuss S. Korea's alleged drone flights over Pyongyang. North Korean leader Kim Jong-un convened a security meeting to address alleged South Korean drone infiltrations over Pyongyang, which North Korea claims occurred three times this month. Kim reviewed military response plans and ordered immediate action, asserting North Korea’s right to self-defense. The tensions follow North Korea’s threats to retaliate against further provocations. South Korea has denied confirming the drone incidents but warned of consequences if the North escalates conflict. Kim Soo-yeon, Yonhap News Agency, October 15
Indonesian ship on goodwill visit docks in Manila. The Indonesian Navy's training vessel, KRI Bima Suci 945, arrived in Manila on Tuesday as part of its goodwill mission, promoting peace and camaraderie. The visit is part of a 90-day voyage to eight countries, coinciding with the 75th anniversary of Indonesia-Philippines diplomatic relations. During its four-day stay, the crew will participate in cultural events, including an "Open Ship" event and a reception for the diplomatic community. Franco Jose C. Baroña, The Manila Times, October 15
North Korea blows up inter-Korean road, rail lines near border. North Korea demolished sections of roads and railways connected to South Korea on Tuesday, escalating tensions along the heavily fortified border. This move follows Pyongyang's decision to sever inter-Korean links as part of its push for a two-state system. South Korea condemned the action as a violation of past agreements, while warning shots were fired by its military. Tensions have risen amid North Korean accusations of South Korean drone incursions. Hyunsu Yim and Hyonhee Shin, Reuters, October 15
China, Nordic countries see expanding trade cooperation. Trade between China and the five Nordic countries — Finland, Norway, Iceland, Sweden, and Denmark — reached $35.44 billion in the first eight months of 2024, marking a 5.7% increase year-on-year, according to China’s Ministry of Commerce. High value-added products such as communication equipment, ships, and pharmaceuticals dominate trade. Annual trade is expected to surpass $50 billion, while cumulative Nordic investment in China has exceeded $15 billion. The China-Nordic Economic and Trade Cooperation Forum will be held this week in Wuhan. Xinhua, October 15
RoK seeks to enhance cooperation in trade, innovation and defence-security with Vietnam: Special Envoy. South Korea's Special Envoy, Chang Ho-jin, met with Vietnam’s top leader, To Lam, to discuss strengthening cooperation in trade, innovation, and defense-security. Both sides emphasized the importance of their bilateral relations and agreed to expand collaboration in high technology, infrastructure, and international security issues. The meeting also covered shared concerns over the South China Sea, with both nations committing to uphold peace and respect international law. Vietnam News, October 15
Record 314 women run in Japan's general election. A record 314 women have filed for candidacy in Japan's October 27 general election, up from 229 in 2009. This increase brings the percentage of female candidates to 23.4%, reflecting efforts by the ruling Liberal Democratic Party and the opposition Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan to promote gender diversity. Meanwhile, hereditary candidates, whose families have political backgrounds, make up 10% of all candidates, including 28.4% of LDP candidates. Kyodo News, October 15
Gen Pisal resigns from Pheu Thai Party. Former 4th Army chief, Gen Pisal Wattanawongkiri, resigned from the Pheu Thai Party amid his involvement in the Tak Bai massacre case. His resignation was confirmed by Deputy Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai, preventing further internal party criticism over the issue. Pisal's departure results in the loss of his parliamentary seat. He has been accused of involvement in the 2004 Tak Bai massacre, where over 80 protesters died during military transportation, and his current whereabouts remain unknown. Aekarach Sattaburuth, Bangkok Post, October 15
U.S., Philippine forces start military drills amid tension over China's war games. U.S. and Philippine forces began large-scale joint exercises on Tuesday involving over 2,000 troops and allies from Australia, Britain, Japan, and South Korea. The drills, running until October 25, focus on amphibious landings, live fire, and humanitarian assistance, taking place near Taiwan and the South China Sea. The exercises, named KAMANDAG, come after China's recent military activities near Taiwan, heightening regional tensions. Karen Lema, Reuters, October 15
China reportedly planning to welcome Myanmar junta boss. China is preparing to host Myanmar junta leader Min Aung Hlaing in what would be his first visit to Beijing since his 2021 coup. The trip, expected later this month, signals increased Chinese support for the regime amid Myanmar's internal conflict and international isolation. Discussions may include Myanmar's upcoming 2025 elections and China’s interest in maintaining regional stability, particularly concerning its Belt and Road projects. The Irrawaddy, October 15
Japan PM eyes over 13 tril. yen extra budget for inflation relief. Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba announced plans for an additional budget exceeding 13 trillion yen ($87 billion) to fund inflation relief measures, aiming to support households struggling with rising prices. Speaking in Fukushima, Ishiba emphasized the importance of boosting private consumption and outlined plans for cash handouts to low-income households and increased regional aid. The final economic package will be completed after the October 27 general election. The Mainichi, October 15
S. Koreans head to polls in local by-elections. South Koreans voted Wednesday to elect the education chief of Seoul and four local government heads in by-elections seen as a test of public sentiment since the April general elections. Five key seats, including Seoul’s education superintendent and district heads in Busan, Incheon, and South Jeolla Province, are up for grabs. The outcome may impact leadership within the ruling People Power Party and the opposition, while shaping the second half of President Yoon Suk Yeol’s term. Yi Wonju, Yonhap News Agency, October 15
Uzbekistan joins international agreement on space exploration. Uzbekistan has officially joined the Outer Space Treaty, signed on October 10 by President Shavkat Mirziyoyev. The treaty, established in 1967, promotes peaceful space exploration and includes over 115 countries. Uzbekistan will chair the CIS Interstate Space Council in 2024, marking its commitment to space development. Events, including collaborations with NASA, will take place during World Space Week to celebrate the occasion. Sadokat Jalolova, The Times of Central Asia, October 15
What’s in a name? A rough guide to China’s elaborate labeling of bilateral relations in Europe. China uses an intricate system to classify its diplomatic relationships with European nations, with terms like “comprehensive strategic partnerships” and more specialized designations such as “all-weather comprehensive strategic partnership” for Hungary. These labels highlight varying degrees of closeness, often reflecting China’s strategic goals. Despite these symbolic ties, many EU countries now view China more as a competitor, leading to discussions on whether the EU should downgrade its relationship with Beijing. Eva Seiwert, Claus Soong, MERICS, October 15
Malaysia’s ASEAN chairmanship is a catalyst, not a panacea. Malaysia's upcoming ASEAN chairmanship in 2025 brings hopes for progress, especially on issues like Myanmar and the South China Sea. Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim's leadership raises expectations for more assertive diplomacy. However, Malaysia's one-year term may not resolve ASEAN's broader issues, such as the bloc's consensus-driven limitations. Moving beyond symbolic actions will require efforts from all ASEAN members, not just the rotating chair. Angeline Tan, Yanitha Meena Louis, Lowy Institute, October 16
Caught between giants: Why Cambodia looks to Australia. Cambodia is shifting its foreign policy to diversify away from reliance on China, looking to strengthen ties with Australia. A Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (CSP) with Australia could improve Cambodia’s diplomatic autonomy, aligning with Australia’s Southeast Asia Economic Strategy. The partnership would also boost cooperation in areas like education, governance, and innovation, while helping Canberra maintain influence in the region. Despite close ties with China, Cambodia seeks broader strategic relationships. Chhay Lim, Genevieve Donnellon-May, Lowy Institute, October 16
Bangladesh’s Hasina Government: What’s Next? As Bangladesh approaches its next national election, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina faces increasing internal and external challenges. Domestically, opposition parties have criticized her administration for suppressing dissent and eroding democratic processes, leading to concerns over political stability. Internationally, Hasina has balanced relations between India and China, but there is growing pressure for more strategic alignment as Bangladesh seeks economic growth and regional influence. The upcoming election and future leadership choices will play a critical role in shaping Bangladesh’s political trajectory. Constantino Xavier, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, October 15
The Compulsions and Challenges of Indian Strategic Autonomy Amid the Russia-Ukraine War. India’s approach to the Russia-Ukraine war demonstrates its policy of strategic autonomy, balancing ties with Russia and Western countries. While Moscow remains a key defense partner, Ukraine has gained importance through defense trade and economic ties. India avoids fully siding with either, calling for diplomacy while maintaining relations with both blocs. However, Russia’s growing ties with China and potential nuclear escalation may challenge India’s neutrality in the future. Khyati Singh, Gaurav Sen, South Asian Voices, October 14
Family-friendly policies can help keep Indonesia’s demographics in the sweet spot. Indonesia's demographic trends are at a critical juncture, with its working-age population expected to peak around 2047. To maximize the potential of this "demographic dividend," family-friendly policies are essential. Investments in healthcare, education, and social support can help sustain a productive workforce while addressing challenges such as maternal health, child stunting, and elderly care. As Indonesia's population growth slows, ensuring equitable access to these services will be key to maintaining economic growth and social stability. Rifky Pratama Wicaksono and Dewi Abiola Buchita Natakusuma, East Asia Forum, October 16
Tyranny to Transformation in Post-Hasina Bangladesh. Following Sheikh Hasina's departure, Bangladesh faces a pivotal moment as it transitions away from authoritarian rule. The interim government, tasked with restoring democratic norms, must overcome political and economic instability. Its priorities include rebuilding trust in the electoral process and addressing the country's macroeconomic challenges, such as inflation and widespread poverty. The student-led revolution that triggered Hasina's fall underscores the public's demand for justice and institutional reform. Bangladesh's future now hinges on the interim government's ability to promote transparency, maintain stability, and secure international support. Ahmede Hussain, East Asia Forum, October 15
CBDC with Chinese Characteristics: Political Economy of the E-Yuan. China’s e-yuan (e-CNY) represents a major step in its digital currency initiative, positioning the country ahead in the development of central bank digital currencies (CBDCs). Launched in pilot stages, the e-CNY is viewed as a tool for increasing China’s national power, improving financial surveillance, and reducing reliance on foreign currencies. Although its international expansion faces hurdles, it could play a significant role in China’s global economic strategy, particularly within the Belt and Road Initiative and other trade partnerships. Jose Miguel Alonso-Trabanco, Geopolitical Monitor, October 15
The Politics of China’s Land Appropriation in Bhutan. China has constructed 22 villages within Bhutan's territory, appropriating 2% of Bhutan's land, primarily for strategic and diplomatic purposes. Eight villages in western Bhutan serve military interests, particularly near Doklam, a strategic plateau contested by China and India. In northeastern Bhutan, China's village-building aims to pressure Bhutan into land concessions in the west. Despite China's actions, Bhutan remains diplomatically constrained, unable to resist without risking further losses. Robert Barnett, The Diplomat, October 15
Kazakhstan Struggles to Increase Budget Revenues. Kazakhstan faces a growing budget deficit, heavily reliant on transfers from its National Fund. Economists propose solutions like improving tax administration and cutting tax benefits, especially for large businesses. Increasing the value-added tax (VAT) and implementing a progressive income tax are seen as potential revenue boosters. However, experts caution that these measures alone won't fully resolve the deficit. A broader rethinking of Kazakhstan’s economic development model, focusing on diversification and reducing reliance on oil revenues, is also being urged. Dmitriy Mazorenko, Paolo Sorbello, Vlast, October 15
A Small Country’s Big Moment in ASEAN Amid Challenges. Laos, as the ASEAN Chair, dealt with complex geopolitical dynamics during the 44th and 45th ASEAN Summits, focusing on practical cooperation in areas like economic integration and sustainability. Despite its cautious diplomatic approach, Laos achieved progress, including the ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement 3.0 and advancing Timor-Leste’s ASEAN membership. However, it struggled to address divisive issues like the Myanmar crisis and South China Sea tensions, highlighting the limits of smaller nations in managing major power rivalries. Joanne Lin, Sharon Seah, Melinda Martinus, Kristina Fong, Fulcrum, October 15
Outlook for the Prabowo Administration’s Foreign Policy. Indonesia’s President-elect Prabowo Subianto is expected to adopt a more assertive and hands-on approach to foreign and defense policy. Key areas to watch include his positioning with major global powers, balancing relationships with China and the U.S., and continuing trade and defense cooperation. While Prabowo aims to elevate Indonesia's global role, potential challenges include managing nationalist tendencies and regional crises, such as in Myanmar. His foreign minister choice will also greatly influence Indonesia's diplomatic strategy. Julia Lau, Fulcrum, October 15