Asia Daily: April 23, 2024
News
North Korea conducts first "nuclear trigger" simulation drills, state media says. North Korea has conducted its first simulation drills to test its nuclear counterattack capabilities, referred to as the "nuclear trigger" system, under the guidance of leader Kim Jong Un. This exercise, which involved firing several short-range ballistic missiles into the sea and conducting artillery maneuvers with mock nuclear warheads, serves as a warning against perceived military threats from the US and South Korea. Kim Jong Un praised the effectiveness of the drills, highlighting the readiness of North Korea's tactical nuclear weapons. Ju-min Park, Reuters, April 23
US 'stubbornly trying to contain China', Beijing says ahead of Blinken visit. Beijing has criticized the US for persistently trying to contain China's rise, highlighting this stance just before US Secretary of State Antony Blinken's visit. This diplomatic encounter aims to tackle contentious issues including trade practices and regional security. Chinese officials are voicing concerns over what they see as confrontational US strategies in both economic and military areas. Dewey Sim, South China Morning Post, April 23
China shows nuclear might ahead of top US diplomat Antony Blinken's visit. In a show of military capability, China has displayed its nuclear strength just before the arrival of US Secretary of State Antony Blinken. This demonstration is seen as a strategic message to the US amid ongoing tensions and discussions about regional security and military posturing. The timing of this display underscores the complexities in Sino-American relations, especially as both nations navigate through diplomatic challenges and security concerns in the Indo-Pacific region. Amber Wang, South China Morning Post, April 23
US delegation reiterates support for Taiwan. A visiting delegation of US representatives, led by US Representative Lisa McClain, reaffirmed strong US support for Taiwan in Taipei, emphasizing ongoing commitments to bolster security, economic, and social ties. The bipartisan group outlined measures to deepen the robust relationship, such as recent US House approvals for foreign aid impacting Taiwan and the Indo-Pacific. Key statements from the delegation highlighted US resolve to support Taiwan against threats and promote democracy. Liu Tzu-hsuan, The Taipei Times, April 23
LDP proposes forfeiting unreported political funds in reform plan. Japan's ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has proposed significant political funds reform, including the forfeiture of deliberately unreported income to national coffers. The proposal comes in response to a slush fund scandal, with further measures to mandate lawmakers' certification of political funds reports to enhance transparency and accountability. This initiative is part of broader efforts to restore public trust in political funding amid recent scandals. Kyodo News, April 23
China remains Uzbekistan's top trade partner. Recent data confirms China's position as Uzbekistan's primary trade partner, underscoring the depth of economic connections between the two countries. This relationship is fueled by Uzbekistan’s robust exports, especially in natural resources like gas and minerals, and complemented by significant Chinese investments aimed at developing Uzbekistan's infrastructure and technological sectors. The Times of Central Asia, April 22
$8 billion US military aid package to Taiwan will ‘boost confidence’ in region: president-elect. Taiwan’s President-elect Lai Ching-te announced that a recently approved $8 billion defense package by the U.S. House of Representatives will enhance regional deterrence against authoritarianism and ensure peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait. This statement was made during a meeting with Michigan Representatives Lisa McClain and Dan Kildee in Taipei. The funding aims to upgrade Taiwan's military capabilities, including new fighter jets and tanks, as part of a broader strategy to counter Chinese military threats. Christopher Bodeen, AP News, April 23
IAEA starts 2nd review of Fukushima water treatment process. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is conducting its second review of the water treatment and discharge process at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant, focusing on the safety and transparency of releasing treated radioactive water into the ocean. This review follows continued global scrutiny and concerns about environmental impacts. The IAEA's findings will contribute to international assessments of the discharge's safety standards. Kyodo News, April 23
Mideast conflict: Israeli delegation visits Taiwan to show commitment to ties as war continues at home. Amid ongoing conflicts in the Middle East, an Israeli delegation has visited Taiwan to reaffirm their bilateral commitments. This visit, led by senior Israeli officials, is significant as it illustrates the desire to strengthen international relationships despite domestic turmoil. Discussions during the visit focused on enhancing trade, technology, and security ties, with both sides expressing a keen interest in deepening cooperation. Jordyn Haime, South China Morning Post, April 23
Kazakhstan has become main trade partner of China's Xinjiang Province. Kazakhstan has emerged as the primary trade partner for China's Xinjiang province, a development that marks a significant shift in regional trade dynamics. The partnership is driven by Kazakhstan's strategic exports, including oil and agricultural products, which are critical to Xinjiang's economic needs. Additionally, the two regions have increased collaborative efforts in cross-border infrastructure projects, enhancing connectivity and mutual economic benefits. The Times of Central Asia, April 22
Cabinet approves 3 charter change referendums. The Thai Cabinet has approved three referendums aimed at amending the country's constitution, marking a pivotal moment in Thailand’s political landscape. These amendments seek to address issues around electoral processes and the balance of power between government branches. The proposed changes are set to be presented to the public for voting, reflecting the government's move towards enhancing democratic governance. This initiative is seen as a critical step in reforming Thailand's political structure to ensure more equitable representation and stability. Mongkol Bangprapa, Bangkok Post, April 22
Prime Minister hosts Indonesian Foreign Minister. In a significant diplomatic engagement, the Prime Minister of Vietnam hosted the Indonesian Foreign Minister, focusing on strengthening bilateral relations. The meeting underscored both countries' commitment to deepening cooperation in trade, security, and cultural exchanges. Key discussions included initiatives to enhance economic ties and regional stability, especially in the context of ASEAN's strategic goals. The leaders also addressed shared challenges such as maritime security and the importance of peaceful resolution of disputes in the region. Vietnam News, April 22
Myanmar regime continues to stoke ethnic tensions as fighting rages on in northern Rakhine. The Myanmar government is further escalating ethnic tensions amid ongoing conflicts in northern Rakhine. This strategy involves manipulating ethnic divides to maintain control as the area experiences continued fighting. The clashes primarily involve the military and ethnic armed organizations, with significant impacts on local civilian populations. The situation underscores the regime's reliance on ethnic discord to assert its authority, contributing to a prolonged and complex conflict in the region. Su Chay, Myanmar Now, April 23
Qatari emir in Nepal, expected to tackle migrant conditions and Nepali student held hostage by Hamas. Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, the emir of Qatar, has arrived in Nepal for a landmark visit, with discussions anticipated on improving conditions for Nepali migrant workers in Qatar and the case of a Nepali student held hostage by Hamas. Qatar, home to roughly 400,000 Nepali workers, faces scrutiny over labor conditions, especially in extreme heat and inadequate living facilities. Human Rights Watch has urged for enforceable protections for these workers. AP News, April 24
Yoon, Romanian president agree to strengthen cooperation in defense, nuclear energy. South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol and Romanian President Klaus Iohannis have agreed to enhance cooperation in defense and nuclear energy. This agreement was reached during a summit which is part of Iohannis' four-day visit to South Korea. The leaders plan to expand bilateral relations through joint military projects, including the production of military equipment and defense technology. Additionally, they discussed increasing collaboration in nuclear energy to improve energy security and address climate change. Lee Haye-ah, Yonhap News Agency, April 23
Long Form
Uzbekistan's utility hike predicament. In Uzbekistan, household utility rates for electricity and gas are set to increase significantly from May 1, the first such adjustment since August 2019. This abrupt announcement contrasts sharply with the previous rate proposal in 2022, which involved extensive public consultation. The lack of preparatory engagement this time around has led to widespread public dissatisfaction. The hikes reflect rising production costs, with gas and electricity production costs increasing by over 40% and 25%, respectively. Despite efforts to reduce these costs, government subsidies have soared, necessitating rate increases to alleviate fiscal pressure. Transparency in energy pricing and future subsidy allocations remains a critical concern for the Uzbek public.
, April 23A small bump for Kishida but the political situation still looks fluid. Following his visit to the United States, Prime Minister Kishida Fumio of Japan experienced a slight increase in public support, reflecting a modestly successful trip. Despite this small bump, his overall net approval remains deeply negative, with recent polls indicating stagnant or worsening approval rates. This suggests a continued decline in support for his Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), putting on display a growing desire among the Japanese public for increased political competition. The fluctuating political landscape is indicative of the challenges facing Kishida and the LDP in maintaining their long-standing dominance in Japanese politics. Tobias Harris,
, April 23RIP, SSF: Unpacking the PLA’s Latest Restructuring. The People's Liberation Army (PLA) has dissolved its Strategic Support Force (SSF), redistributing its functions into three new arms: the Aerospace Force, Cyberspace Force, and Information Support Force. This significant restructuring aligns with global military trends and aims to enhance China's capabilities in information warfare and cyber operations, reflecting a strategic adaptation to the evolving landscape of security and technology. The dissolution of the SSF and the establishment of specialized forces indicate a shift towards more specialized and technologically driven military strategies in response to global security challenges. Ying Yu Lin and Tzu-Hao Liao, The Diplomat, April 23
Era of Wars Could Complicate Modi’s Moment. As India participates in its multiphase general elections, Prime Minister Narendra Modi seeks a third term with promises of restoring India's stature on the global stage. However, India's international position has become complex, especially highlighted by its stance in the Israel-Gaza conflict where it stands as an outlier in the developing world, which largely supports Palestine. This situation contrasts with India's position on Ukraine, showcasing the nuanced and often contradictory aspects of India's foreign policy under Modi's administration. These international dynamics could influence domestic perceptions and impact the electoral outcomes as Modi and the BJP aim to leverage their foreign policy achievements. Mohamed Zeeshan, The Diplomat, April 23
Lawrence Wong, Singapore's next PM, seeks growth in 'troubled world'. Lawrence Wong, set to become Singapore's next Prime Minister on May 15, faces numerous challenges as he prepares to lead. Despite Singapore's impressive economic achievements, including a high GDP per capita, Wong's tenure will begin amid global uncertainties and domestic pressures such as declining birth rates and increasing living costs. Internally, the government struggles to encourage a higher birth rate among its citizens, a critical factor for sustained economic growth given the city-state’s lack of natural resources. Externally, geopolitical tensions, especially between the U.S. and China, could impact Singapore's role as a global economic hub. Wong's leadership will need to navigate these complex issues to maintain Singapore's economic vitality and regional influence. Dylan Loh and Tsubasa Suruga, Nikkei Asia, April 23
Security for Chinese workers in Pakistan will always be elusive. Despite close bilateral ties, the security of Chinese workers in Pakistan remains a challenging issue. Despite repeated assurances from Pakistani leaders, including Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, incidents such as the recent suicide bombing in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which resulted in the death of a Chinese engineer, highlight the persistent risks. These events show the complexities of ensuring safety for foreign workers in regions with significant geopolitical and security tensions. Ayesha Siddiqa, Nikkei Asia, April 23
Marcos–Duterte mega-dynasty on the rocks. The political union between the Marcos and Duterte families in the Philippines is showing signs of strain. The coalition, which began with high hopes, is unraveling due to unmet promises, personal disagreements, and disputes over constitutional reforms. President Ferdinand Marcos Jr.'s refusal to assign Vice President Sara Duterte her preferred Defense portfolio and disputes over budget allocations have fueled tensions. Additionally, Rodrigo Duterte's provocative comments about Marcos Jr. and the contentious push for constitutional changes that might extend the Marcos family's political dominance are complicating the alliance. Danilo Araña Arao, East Asia Forum, April 23
Sri Lanka needs a cautious growth trajectory. Sri Lanka, still recovering from an economic crisis marked by a sovereign debt default and severe economic contractions, needs a cautious and measured approach to its economic growth. The nation has seen some stabilization through stringent fiscal measures and an IMF program, but these have come at a high social cost, significantly affecting the lower-income population. As the country heads towards presidential elections, there's a risk of political promises undermining the fragile economic recovery. Focusing on sustainable fiscal policies and avoiding quick fixes could derail progress. The upcoming elections add to the uncertainty, emphasizing the importance of securing a debt restructuring deal beforehand to ensure continuity in recovery efforts. Dushni Weerakoon, East Asia Forum, April 23
South Korean international students turn away from China. The number of South Korean students in China has plummeted due to a series of geopolitical, economic, and social issues. This decline, highlighted by a 78% drop from 2017 to 2023, reflects broader tensions and changes in perception towards China in South Korea. Factors such as China's stringent zero-COVID policies, the fallout over the THAAD missile defense system, and a deteriorating business environment have all contributed to this shift. The once favorable image of China as a land of opportunity for South Koreans has diminished, compounded by decreased economic interactions and rising geopolitical strains between the two countries. This trend is part of a broader decline in South Korean students going abroad for higher education, influenced by both domestic demographic changes and international relations. Peter Ghazarian, East Asia Forum, April 22